Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_1255.JPG-10-02-2018
Flower name (scientific): Silphium perfoliatum Linnaeus PY: 1759. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) SIL-phee-um pur-foe-lee-AY-tum
Flower name (common): Cup Plant
Family name (common): Aster
Family name (scientific): Asteraceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: One proposal is that the name derives from the name of a North African resinous plant called silphion (Thapsia garganica), with the latter name having a Greek origin. Another suggestion is that the name derives from a now extinct plant found in the Mediterranean region. The identity of the plant may be from the genus Ferula.
    Specific epithet: From Latin, describing when the bases of two opposite stemless leaves join around the stem, giving the appearance that the stem has grown through a leaf blade.
Common name origin: From the "cup-like" shape formed by a pair of opposite leaves where they surround the stem.
Flower description:
     Size: 1.7 to 3.5 inches (4.3 to 8.9 cm)
     Petal count: Typically 17 to 35.
     Color: yellow
     Other: flower arrangement, Panicle
Plant description: Stem erect, square in cross section.
     Size: 36 to 96 inches (91 to 244 cm)
     Stem hairy:
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is opposite, type is simple.
     Size:
     Color:
     Hairy: Both upper and lower surfaces rough (like fine-grained sand paper) to the touch, due to the prsence of small pustules and tiny hairs.
     Other: Shape: leaf, deltate, lanceolate, or ovate (FNA), broadly lanceolate to cordate (IL). Shape: leaf, deltate, lanceolate, or ovate (FNA), broadly lanceolate to cordate (IL)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Uncommon
Bloom time (typical): July to September
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial
Habitat: Fields, prairies, streambanks, woods, roadsides, sun or semi-shade, moist to wet.
Fruit:
Seed:
Importance to wildlife:
Similar species (if any): No close lookalikes.
Ethnobotany: The Meskwaki employed the roots of this plant to prepare a medicine to treat the vomiting associated with pregnancy and also use for menstruatioon issues (Smith, p. 217, 1928). The Ojibwe prepared a tea from the roots and used it as a treatment for lumbago rheumatic back pain. They also use the plant for stomach issues and hemorrhage (Smith, p. 365, 1932).
Latitude:
Longitude:
Altitude:
Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Buffalo, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Douglas, Dunn, Forest, Grant, Green, Iowa, Jackson, Kenosha, La Crosse, Lafayette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oneida, Pepin, Pierce, Portage, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Sawyer, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AL, AR, CT, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV) Click here for distribution map
In Canada: (ON, QC) Click here for distribution map
References:
Synonym(s):
Basionym: na
Homotypic Synonym(s):
Heterotypic Synonym(s):
Autonym: Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum (The other infraspecific is Silphium perfoliatum var. connatum (Linnaeus) Cronquist which occurs in three eastern US states.)
Wetland Status (NC): FACW
Wetland Status (MW): FACW