Flower ID: IMG_9005.JPG-08-27-2023 Flower name (scientific): Xanthium strumarium Linnaeus PY: 1753. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) ZAN-thee-um stroo-MAR-ee-um Flower name (common): Cocklebur Family name (common): Aster Family name (scientific): Asteraceae Scientific name origin: Genus: From Greek, a name used by Dioscorides for cocklebur. Related to Greek xanthos meaning yellow, referring to a plant producing a yellow dye. Specific epithet: For cushion-like swellings, tumors. Common name origin: A compounding of cockle and bur. The former has unknown origin, the latter refers to the roughened flower heads. Flower description: Size: 0.2 to 0.8 inches (5 to 20 mm) Petal count: 0 Color: green Other: flower arrangement, Spike Plant description: Size: 12 to 48 inches (30 to 122 cm) Stem hairy: Other: Leaf description: attachment is alternate and/or opposite, type is simple and lobed Size: Leaves up to 12 to 20 cm long and up to 10 to 18 cm wide. Color: Hairy: Other: Shape: leaf, suborbiculate to pentagonal or deltate (FNA), cordate or ovate-cordate (IL), broadly ovate or ovate-triangular to more or less kidney-shaped or nearly circular Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Uncommon Bloom time (typical): August to September Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Annual Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields, roadsides, railroads, streambanks, swamps, pond margins, marshes, swamps, waste places, sun. Fruit: Seed: Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): No close lookalikes. Ethnobotany: No recorded uses by tribes in the Wisconsin region, but employed by the Costanoan, Lakota, and Paiute tribes to prepare medicines for bladder problems, sore gums, and other ailments (Moerman, p. 602, 1998). Latitude: 44.800020 Longitude: -91.508012 Altitude: 237.90 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Dunn, Eau Claire, Fond du Lac, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marinette, Milwaukee, Oconto, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Shawano, Sheboygan, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Winnebago) Click here for distribution map In US: (AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY) Click here for distribution map In Canada: (AB, BC, MB, NB, NS, ON, PE, QC, SK) Click here for distribution map References: Synonym(s): Basionym: na Homotypic Synonym(s): Heterotypic Synonym(s): Autonym: na Wetland Status (NC): FAC Wetland Status (MW): FAC