Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_0370.JPG-05-12-2017
Flower name (scientific): Viola sororia Willdenow PY: 1806. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) vy-OH-la so-ROR-ee-uh
Flower name (common): Common Blue Violet
Family name (common): Violet
Family name (scientific): Violaceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: The Latin name for violets.
    Specific epithet: Latin for of or concerning a sister. That is, closely related.
Common name origin: From the common color, despite the fact that this species can take on other colors. Violet is from the old French violete, and the Latin viola, the latter being used as the name for the genus.
Flower description:
     Size: 0.7 to 1.3 inches (1.8 to 3.3 cm)
     Petal count: 5
     Color: blue
     Other: flower arrangement, Solitary
Plant description:
     Size: 3 to 8 inches (7.6 to 20 cm)
     Stem hairy:
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is basal, type is simple
     Size: Leaves up to about 7 to 9 cm long and up to about 7 to 10 cm wide.
     Color:
     Hairy:
     Other: Shape: leaf, oval-ovate to orbicular-cordate (IL)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common
Bloom time (typical): April to June
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Annual, perennial.
Habitat: Prairies, fields, open woodlands, forests, streambanks, disturbed areas, roadsides, sun or shade, moist.
Fruit:
Seed:
Importance to wildlife:
Similar species (if any): Other species of Viola are similar, and variation in both flower color and leaf shape, as well as other morphological features can make it difficult to pin down a positive ID. To complicate matters, several hybrids between different Viola species are known, and in addition, a few authors treat some of the Viola species as having varietal status under V. sororia. To help ID this species the typical features to look for are a broad heart-shaped leaf with rounded teeth, lateral two petals bearded, that is, with tufts of white hairs, the lower petal generally not bearded, and flower heads about 19 to 25 mm in size.
Ethnobotany: No recorded uses by tribes in the Wisconsin region, but employed by the Cherokee to treat headaches, , as an antidiarrheal, cold remedy, and to treat other ailments (Moerman, p. 597, 1998).
Latitude: 44.796467
Longitude: -91.501468
Altitude: 243.90
Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV) Click here for distribution map
In Canada: (ON, QC, SK) Click here for distribution map
References:
Synonym(s):
Basionym: na
Homotypic Synonym(s):
Heterotypic Synonym(s):
Autonym: na
Wetland Status (NC): FAC
Wetland Status (MW): FAC