Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_0672.JPG-07-28-2018
Flower name (scientific): Urtica dioica Linnaeus PY: 1753. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) UR-ti-kuh dy-oh-EE-kuh
Flower name (common): Stinging Nettle
Family name (common): Nettle
Family name (scientific): Urticaceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: The Latin name for stinging nettle.
    Specific epithet: Having separate plants for the male and female reproductive organs.
Common name origin: Nettle refers to a plant with hairs on the stem or leaves that can sting when touched, as is the case for this species.
Flower description:
     Size: 0.1 to 0.2 inches (3 to 5 mm)
     Petal count: 4
     Color: white
     Other: flower arrangement, Whorl
Plant description:
     Size: 18 to 72 inches (46 to 183 cm)
     Stem hairy:
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is opposite, type is simple
     Size: Leaves up to 15 to 20 cm long and up to 4 to 13 cm wide.
     Color:
     Hairy:
     Other: Shape: leaf, elliptic, lanceolate, or narrowly to broadly ovate (FNA)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common
Bloom time (typical): June to September
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial
Habitat: Disturbed sites, open woods, shade or sun, wet to dry.
Fruit:
Seed:
Importance to wildlife:
Similar species (if any): Laportea canadensis (Canadian Wood Nettle) is a lookalike. The leaves can help distinguish the two species: L. canadensis has alternate, broadly oval, coarsely-toothed, hairy, long-stalked leaves, whereas U. dioica has opposite, lance-like (lanceolate) with a sharp point, sharply toothed, short-stalked leaves.
Ethnobotany: No recorded uses by tribes in the Wisconsin region, but employed by a number of tribes to prepare medicines, as a food source, a dye, a fiber source, and for other uses (Moerman, pp. 579-580, 1998). Data reported by Moerman and others for subspecies of Urtica dioica should actually refer to the species Urtica gracilis.
Latitude: 44.798463
Longitude: -91.481833
Altitude: 254.20
Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AK, AL, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY)
In Canada: (AB, BC, LB, MB, NB, NF, NS, NT, ON, PE, QC, SK, YT)
References:
Synonym(s):
Basionym: na
Homotypic Synonym(s):
Heterotypic Synonym(s):
Autonym: Urtica dioica subsp. dioica (The other infraspecifics are Urtica dioica subsp. afghanica Chrtek, Urtica dioica subsp. gansuensis C. J. Chen, Urtica dioica var. glabrata (Clements) Ascherson & Graebner, Urtica dioica var. hispida (Chapman-Lam ex de Candolle) Tausch ex Ott, Urtica dioica var. holosericea Fries, Urtica dioica subsp. kurdistanica Chrtek, Urtica dioica subsp. pubescens (Ledebour) Domin, Urtica dioica var. sarmatica Zapałowicz, Urtica dioica subsp. sondenii (Simmons) Hylander, Urtica dioica subsp. subinermis (Uechtritz) Weigend. None of these infraspecifics have been recorded from North America.)