Flower ID: IMG_1110.JPG-07-12-2017 Flower name (scientific): Monarda fistulosa Linnaeus PY: 1753. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) mo-NAR-da fist-yoo-LOW-suh Flower name (common): Wild Bergamot Family name (common): Mint (Deadnettle) Family name (scientific): Lamiaceae Scientific name origin: Genus: Named in honor of the Spanish physician and botanist Nicolás Bautista Monardes (1493 – 1588). Specific epithet: From the Latin fistula, for tube, often referring to tubular structure of the stem. Common name origin: Possibly from the aromatic fragance of the dried plant, and an allusion to the oil Essence of Bergamot, prepared from Citrus bergamia. Flower description: Size: 0.2 to 0.3 inches (0.5 to 0.8 cm) Petal count: 5 Color: pink or purple (white is uncommon) Other: flower arrangement, Cluster-spherical Plant description: Erect. Dried leaves and flower heads fragrant. Size: 24 to 48 inches (61 to 122 cm) Stem hairy: Other: Leaf description: attachment is opposite, type is simple Size: Leaves up to 10 cm long and 5 cm wide. Color: Hairy: Other: Shape: leaf, broadly lanceolate to ovate (IL) Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common Bloom time (typical): July to September Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial Habitat: Prairies, fields, woods, thickets, roadsides, sun or part shade, dry or moist. Fruit: Seed: Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): No close lookalikes. Ethnobotany: The Menominee employed this plant as a cure for catarrh (Smith, p. 39, 1923). The Meskwaki used this plant as an ingredient in a cure for colds (Smith, p. 225, 1928). The Ojibwe extracted a volatile oil from the whole plant and used it as a remedy for bronchial problems and as a remedy for catarrh (Smith, p. 372, 1932). Parts of this plant were used by the Chippewa for the treament of colds (Gilmore, p. 140, 1933). Latitude: 44.796100 Longitude: -91.513672 Altitude: 263.70 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AL, AR, AZ, CO, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY) In Canada: (AB, BC, MB, NT, ON, QC, SK) References: Synonym(s): Basionym: na Homotypic Synonym(s): Heterotypic Synonym(s): Autonym:Monarda fistulosa var. fistulosa (The other infraspecifics are Monarda fistulosa var. longepetiolata B. Boivin, Monarda fistulosa var. maheuxii B. Boivin, Monarda fistulosa var. menthifolia (Graham) Fernald, Monarda fistulosa var. mollis (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Monarda fistulosa var. rubra A. Gray, Monarda fistulosa var. stipitatoglandulosa (Waterfall) ined. The latter variety is not validated (ined from the Latin ineditus meaning unpublished). All these varieties are recorded from North America.)