Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_2362.JPG-07-03-2022
Flower name (scientific): Lysimachia lanceolata Walter PY: 1788. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) ly-sih-MAK-ee-ah (or lis-ih-MAK-ee-ah) lan-see-oh-LAY-tuh
Flower name (common): Lance-leaved Loosestrife
Family name (common): Primrose
Family name (scientific): Primulaceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: Two explanations are offered for this name. Named by Dioscorides after King Lysimachus (Lysimachos, 360 BCE – 281 BCE) of Thrace. Or from the Ancient Greek λύσιζ, lúsis, a loosening.
    Specific epithet: For spear-shaped, referring to the lanceolate shape of the leaves.
Common name origin: For the spear-shaped leaves. The other part, meaning to loose (end) strife, is apparently an ancient mistranslation of lysimachia, taken from the personal name Lysimachus.
Flower description:
     Size: 0.5 to 0.8 inches (1.3 to 2.0 cm)
     Petal count: 5
     Color: yellow
     Other: flower arrangement, Solitary
Plant description:
     Size: 24 to 60 inches (61 to 152 cm)
     Stem hairy: typically glabrous
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is opposite and/or whorl, type is simple. Distal leaves sessile or with petioles 1 to 7 mm in length, proximal leaves have petioles typically 3 to 20 mm in length, sometimes up to 35 mm long. Margin usually entire.
     Size: Leaves up to 14 cm long and 2 cm wide.
     Color: medium green
     Hairy: glabrous
     Other: Shape: leaf, distal blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, proximal blades broadly elliptic or lanceolate (FNA), lowermost leaves ovate to narrowly obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, becoming progressively narrower toward the stem tip, the uppermost leaf blades often linear to narrowly lanceolate (MB), lanceolate or narrowly ovate (IL)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common
Bloom time (typical): July to August
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial
Habitat: Streambanks, lake shores, pond margins, swamps, prairies, woodlands, sun or semi-shade, moist.
Fruit: Capsules 2 to 5 mm in length.
Seed: Dark brown to black, about 1.2 to 1.8 mm in length.
Importance to wildlife:
Similar species (if any): There are a few Lysimachia species that are similar. Lysimachia ciliata (Fringed Loosestrife) has leaves that are 1.5 to 6.5 cm wide, and Lysimachia quadriflora (Prairie Loosestrife) has leaves that are 2 to 6 mm wide with a single prominent vein, whereas Lysimachia lanceolata has dimorphic leaves with the distal blades 2 to 16 mm wide, the proximal blades 6 to 18 mm wide and the leaves have pinnate-arculate venation. Most similar is Lysimachia hybrida (Lowland Yellow Loosestrife), which has monomorphic leaves with blades 5 to 30 mm wide and venation pinnate-arcuate to pinnate to single-veined. Lysimachia lanceolata has leaves that are green to dark green, with the leaf underside lighter green, whereas the leaves of Lysimachia hybrida are a similar green on both sides.
Ethnobotany:
Latitude: 44.796315
Longitude: -91.513518
Altitude: 281.40
Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Bayfield, Buffalo, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Grant, Green, Iowa, Jackson, Juneau, La Crosse, Lincoln, Marathon, Marquette, Monroe, Oneida, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Richland, Rock, Sauk, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Walworth, Waushara, Wood) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AL, AR, CT, DC, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, NJ, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV) Click here for distribution map
In Canada: (MB, ON) Click here for distribution map
References:
Synonym(s):
Basionym: na
Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 2 homotypic synonyms for this species.
Heterotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 10 heterotypic synonyms for this species.
Autonym: na
Wetland Status (NC): FAC
Wetland Status (MW): FAC