Flower ID: IMG_7644.JPG-07-12-2021 Flower name (scientific): Lindernia dubia (Linnaeus) Pennell PY: 1935. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) lin-DERN-ee-uh DOO-bee-ah (or DUB-i-a) Flower name (common): False Pimpernel Family name (common): Lindernia Family name (scientific): Linderniaceae Scientific name origin: Genus: Named in honor of German botanist Franz Balthasar von Lindern (1682–1755). Specific epithet: Latin for uncertain or doubtful. Common name origin: Pimpernel is from old French and old English, originally used to denote plants having pinnate leaves similar to those of species in the genus Saxifraga. Later in time used for plants of the genus Pimpinella, and later for Sanguisorba officinalis and other species. False signifying not those other pimpernels. Flower description: Size: 0.2 to 0.3 inches (5 to 8 mm) Petal count: 5 Color: white and blue or purple Other: flower arrangement, Solitary Plant description: Size: 2 to 8 inches (5 to 20 cm) Stem hairy: glabrous to sparsely hairy Other: Leaf description: attachment is opposite, type is simple. Leaves sessile and margins entire or sparsely toothed. Size: Leaves up to about 38 mm long and up to about 19 mm wide. Color: medium green Hairy: glabrous Other: Shape: leaf, spatulate, lanceolate, oblanceolate, elliptic, ovate, or obovate (FNA), oval-ovate (IL) Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Uncommon Bloom time (typical): July to September Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Annual Habitat: Streambanks, riverbanks, swamps, marshes, pond margins, disturbed areas, sun or semi-shade, moist to wet, sandy soil. Fruit: Capsules typically 2 to 6 mm in length. Seed: 0.2 to 0.4 mm in length, yellowish brown to reddish brown. Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): Lindernia dubia has some similarity to Gratiola neglecta and both plants share similar habitats. The corolla of G. neglecta is white with the lower exterior pale yellow or green with fine veins, whereas the corolla of L. dubia is white with blue-violet patches. The stem of G. neglecta is densely pubescent with glandular hairs, whereas the stem of L. dubia is glabrous or sparsely glandular-hairy. Gratiola species have bractlets behind the calyx, whereas Lindernia species do not. Ethnobotany: Latitude: 44.800123 Longitude: -91.508638 Altitude: 237.10 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, La Crosse, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Outagamie, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Walworth, Waupaca, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV) Click here for distribution map In Canada: (BC, NB, NS, ON, QC) Click here for distribution map References: Synonym(s): Basionym: Gratiola dubia Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 17. 1753. Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 5 homotypic synonyms for this species. Heterotypic Synonym(s): na Autonym:Lindernia dubia var. dubia (The other infraspecific is Lindernia dubia var. rhizomatosa Pennell ex D. Q. Lewis which is native to northwest Mexico and not recorded from the US.) Wetland Status (NC): OBL Wetland Status (MW): OBL