Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_0706.JPG-06-10-2017
Flower name (scientific): Leucanthemum vulgare Lamarck PY: 1779. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) lew-KAN-theh-mum vul-GAIR-ee
Flower name (common): Ox-eye Daisy
Family name (common): Aster
Family name (scientific): Asteraceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: From the Ancient Greek leukós for white, and anthemon for flower, from ánthos.
    Specific epithet: Latin for common.
Common name origin: Daisy comes from the old English for day's eye, in allusion to the flower opening in the morning. Also, for flowers having white ray-florets and yellow disk-florets. One suggestion proposedd for Ox-eye, a name given to various flowers supposedly similar to the eye of an ox. Another suggestion is that it is a term to describe a number of plants with composite flowers.
Flower description:
     Size: 1.0 to 2.4 inches (2.5 to 6.1 cm)
     Petal count: From 13 to 35+ ray florets.
     Color: white
     Other: flower arrangement, Solitary
Plant description: Erect
     Size: 8 to 24 inches (20 to 61 cm)
     Stem hairy: glabrous or glabrate at maturity.
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is basal and alternate, type is simple and lobed. Lower leaves petiolate, upper leaves sessile and usually clasping the stem. Margins coarsely dentate.
     Size: Basal leaves up to 12 to 15 cm long and 2 cm wide. Cauline leaves up to 8 cm or more long and up to 1.5 cm wide.
     Color: medium green
     Hairy: glabrous to glabrate
     Other: Shape: leaf, (basal) obovate to spatulate, (cauline) oblanceolate or spatulate to lanceolate or linear (FNA)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Introduced, naturalized, ecologically invasive.
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common
Bloom time (typical): June to August
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial
Habitat: Prairies, fields, forest openings, disturbed areas, roadsides, railroads, waste areas, sun or part shade, dry to moist.
Fruit: Achenes about 2 to 3 mm in length, without tufts of hair.
Seed:
Importance to wildlife: Click for pollinator information on this flower.
Similar species (if any): The flowers of Matricaria chamomilla (German Chamomile, Wild Chamomile) and Tripleurospermum inodorum (Scentless False Mayweed, False Mayweed) have some resemblance. The oblanceolate or spatulate to lanceolate leaf shape of Leucanthemum vulgare compared with the feathery and thread-like leaves of M. chamomilla and T. inodorum help to differentiate the species. T. inodorum has a fairly limited distribution range in Wisconsin.
Ethnobotany: The Menominee employed this plant to treat fevers. Smith refers to this plant as Chrysanthemum leucanthemum (Smith, p. 29, 1923).
Latitude:
Longitude:
Altitude:
Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AK, AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, HI, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY) Click here for distribution map
In Canada: (AB, BC, LB, MB, NB, NF, NS, NT, ON, PE, QC, SK, YT) Click here for distribution map
References:
Synonym(s):
Basionym: Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 888. 1753.
Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 8 homotypic synonyms for this species.
Heterotypic Synonym(s): na
Autonym: Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. vulgare (The other infraspecific is Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. parviceps (Briquet & Cavillier) Vogt & Greuter, which has not been recorded from North America. It is native to France.)
Wetland Status (NC): UPL
Wetland Status (MW): UPL