Flower ID: IMG_2415.JPG-07-27-2019 Flower name (scientific): Hieracium scabrum André Michaux PY: 1803. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) hi-er-uh-KEE-um SKAY-brum Flower name (common): Rough Hawkweed Family name (common): Aster Family name (scientific): Asteraceae Scientific name origin: Genus: The classical name is hierakion, derived from the Greek hierax, for hawk. The Roman naturalist Pliny claimed that hawks fed on Hawkweed to ehhance their eyesight. Specific epithet: From the Latin for a rough surface (to the touch). Common name origin: References the feel of the stem and leaves, and its grouping in the Hieracium (Hawkweed) genus. Flower description: Size: 0.5 to 1.0 inches (1.3 to 2.5 cm) Petal count: typically (30-)40 to 60+ ray florets. There are no disk florets. Color: yellow Other: flower arrangement, Panicle Plant description: Size: 12 to 36 inches (30 to 91 cm) Stem hairy: pubescent, with glandular hairs near the flowers. Other: Leaf description: attachment is alternate, type is simple Size: Leaves up to 12 to 15 cm long and up to 5 cm wide. Color: medium green Hairy: surfaces hairy, particularly along the margins. Other: Shape: leaf, (basal) elliptic or oblanceolate to spatulate or lanceolate (FNA), lanceolate-oblanceolate to ovate-obovate (IL) Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common Bloom time (typical): July to September Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial Habitat: Woodlands, savannas, bluffs, sun or semi-shade, dry. Fruit: Cypselae about 2 to 3 mm in length with a tuft of bristles. Seed: Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): Hieracium gronovii (Gronovius' Hawkweed, Beaked Hawkweed) is similar to Hieracium scabrum, but the former species is not reported from Wisconsin or Iowa, but has been reported from Michigan, Minnesota, and Illinois. Hieracium umbellatum is also similar to Hieracium scabrum. H. gronovii typically has 12 to 20+ (also reported as 20 to 40) florets, H. umbellatum has 30 to 80+ florets, corollas usually 10 to 18 mm in length, and cauline leaves with lengths (3-)5 to 10+ times widths, whereas H. scabrum usually has 40 to 60+ florets, corollas typically 9 to 11 mm in length, and cauline leaves with lengths 2 to 6+ times widths. Ethnobotany: No recorded uses by tribes in Wisconsin. The Rappahannock used the leaves as a treatment for diarrhea (Moerman, pp. 265, 1998). Latitude: 44.795238 Longitude: -91.486393 Altitude: 254.10 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, La Crosse, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Pierce, Polk, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Waukesha, Waushara, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV) Click here for distribution map In Canada: (NB, NS, ON, PE, QC) Click here for distribution map References: Synonym(s): Basionym: na Homotypic Synonym(s): na Heterotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 7 heterotypic synonyms for this species. Autonym: na Wetland Status (NC): Not listed Wetland Status (MW): Not listed