Flower ID: IMG_0223.JPG-05-27-2018 Flower name (scientific): Fragaria virginiana Miller PY: 1768. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) frah-GAR-ee-ah vir-jin-ee-AN-uh Flower name (common): Wild Strawberry Family name (common): Rose Family name (scientific): Rosaceae Scientific name origin: Genus: Fraga is Latin for strawberry, and fragrans for fragrant, referring to the smell of the fruit. Specific epithet: Of or from Virginia. Common name origin: The origin of the name strawberry appears to be unknown. Suggestions connected with stringing the berries on straw, or using straw as a mulch for these berries, have not been widely accepted. Possibly derived from the old English streabariye, used by a Benedictine monk in 995 CE to refer to the straying habit of the plant due to its runners. The OED traces the word back to c. 1000 CE. Flower description: Size: 0.5 to 0.8 inches (1.3 to 2.0 cm) Petal count: 5 Color: white Other: flower arrangement, Cluster-umbel Plant description: Size: 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) Stem hairy: Other: Leaf description: attachment is basal, type is compound Size: Leaflets up to about 6 cm or slightly longer and up to about 4 cm wide. Color: Hairy: Other: Shape: leaf, (basal) trifoliate, leaflet, obovate or oval (IL) Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common Bloom time (typical): April to June Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial Habitat: Sun, part shade, meadows, woods, forests. Fruit: Seed: Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): Very similar is Fragaria vesca (Woodland Strawberry). To distinguish F. virginiana from F. vesca look at the terminal tooth on a leaflet, if it extends past the adjacent teeth, or is of equal size to the adjacent teeth, you probably have F. vesca, but if the terminal tooth is smaller than the adjacent teeth, you probably have F. virginiana. When the fruit is available, for F. virginiana the achenes (seeds) are present in shallow pits on the fruit surface, whereas for F. vesca the seeds are raised on the surface. Ethnobotany: The Menominee enjoy wild strawberries (Smith, p. 71, 1923). The Meskwaki are also fond of wild strawberries, they also prepare a jam from the berries for winter use (Smith, p. 263, 1928). The Ojibwe utilzed the roots to prepare a tea that was employed to treat stomach-ache. They also ate the strawberries in season, and like the Menominee, made preserves for winter use (Smith, pp. 384, 409, 1932). Latitude: 44.795525 Longitude: -91.513973 Altitude: 265.30 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AK, AL, AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NV, NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY) In Canada: (AB, BC, LB, MB, NB, NF, NS, NT, NU, ON, PE, QC, SK, YT) References: Synonym(s): Basionym: na Homotypic Synonym(s): Heterotypic Synonym(s): Autonym:Fragaria virginiana subsp. virginiana (The other infraspecifics are Fragaria virginiana subsp. glauca (S. Watson) Staudt, Fragaria virginiana subsp. grayana (E. Vilm. ex J. Gay) Staudt, Fragaria virginiana subsp. platypetala (Rydb.) Staudt. All these subspecies occur in North America. Only subsp.platypetala is not native in Wisconsin.)