Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_1464.JPG-07-31-2017
Flower name (scientific): Eutrochium maculatum (Linnaeus) E. E. Lamont PY: 2004. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) yoo-TRO-kee-um mak-yuh-LAY-tum
Flower name (common): Spotted Joe-Pye Weed
Family name (common): Aster (Daisy)
Family name (scientific): Asteraceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: From the Greek words eu for well, fine, truly, and trochos, for a wheel, a round ball, hence truly wheel-like, for the appearence of the whorled leaves.
    Specific epithet: From the Latin maculatus for spotted, referring to the purple spotted stems.
Common name origin: From the typical spots on the stem. Joe Pye was supposedly an Indian who cured typhus fever in New England by means of this plant, but that account is probably false, see (Speck and Dodge, 1945). Origin unknown.
Flower description:
     Size: 0.2 to 0.5 inches (5 to 13 mm)
     Petal count: There are no ray florets, disc florets 8 to 22.
     Color: pink or purple
     Other: flower arrangement, Cluster-flat
Plant description: Erect
     Size: 24 to 84 inches (0.6 to 2.2 m) tall
     Stem hairy: glabrous proximally, to moderately to densely hairy in the upper stem.
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is whorl, type is simple
     Size: Leaves up to about 22 cm long and up to about 7 cm wide.
     Color: medium green
     Hairy: upper surface glabrous to sparsely to moderately short-hairy, lower surface glabrate to densely short-hairy.
     Other: Shape: leaf, lance-elliptic to lanceolate or lance-ovate (FNA)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common
Bloom time (typical): July to September
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial
Habitat: Prairies, meadows, marshes, sun, moist to wet.
Fruit: Cypselae 3 to 5 mm in length.
Seed:
Importance to wildlife:
Similar species (if any): Eutrochium purpureum (Sweet Joe Pye Weed) is similar, but most commonly has green-colored stems, whereas Eutrochium maculatum has entirely purple or purple spotted stems. Leaves per whorl are different: E. purpureum usually has 3-4 leaves per whorl, whereas E. maculatum usually has 4 to 5 leaves per whorl. Eutrochium fistulosum (Hollow-stemmed Joe-Pye Weed) is also similar, but not reported in Wisconsin, Minnesota or Iowa, but present in the neighboring states Michigan and Illinois.
Ethnobotany: The Chippewa used the roots to prepare a remedy for skin inflammation (Densmore, p. 348, 1928). Densmore uses the old synonym name Eupatorium maculatum for this plant. The Algonquin used the plant to treat venereal disease and to aid women after childbirth. The Cherokee and the Iroquois used this plant to treat several ailments (Moerman, p. 229, 1998).
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Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AZ, CO, CT, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NM, NY, OH, PA, RI, SD, TN, UT, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY) Click here for distribution map
In Canada: (AB, BC, MB, NB, NF, NS, ON, PE, QC, SK) Click here for distribution map
References:
Synonym(s):
Basionym: Eupatorium maculatum Linnaeus Cent. Pl. I, 27. 1755.
Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 4 homotypic synonyms for this species.
Heterotypic Synonym(s): na
Autonym: Eutrochium maculatum var. maculatum (The other infraspecifics are Eutrochium maculatum var. bruneri (A. Gray) E. E. Lamont, Eutrochium maculatum var. foliosum (Fernald) E. E. Lamont. Both of these varieties are found in North America.)
Wetland Status (NC): OBL
Wetland Status (MW): OBL