Flower ID: IMG_4012.JPG-06-23-2020 Flower name (scientific): Crocanthemum bicknellii (Fernald) Janchen PY: 1925. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) kro-KAN-the-mum bick-NELL-ee-ee (or bick-NELL-ee-eye) Flower name (common): Hoary Frostweed Family name (common): Rockrose Family name (scientific): Cistaceae Scientific name origin: Genus: From crocatus, for citron-yellow or saffron-like, and anthemum, for flowered, alluding to the yellow color of the flowers. Specific epithet: Named to honor Eugene Pintard Bicknell (1859 – 1925), amateur botanist. Common name origin: From the hairs on the leaves and stem. Sap exuding from the stems and freezing on them during a frost gives rise to the term frostweed. Flower description: Size: 0.5 to 1.0 inches (1.3 to 2.5 cm) Petal count: 5 Color: yellow Other: flower arrangement, Raceme Plant description: Size: 8 to 24 inches (20 to 61 cm) Stem hairy: soft hairy Other: Leaf description: attachment is alternate, type is simple Size: Leaves about 1.8 to 3.2 cm long and about 4 to 10 mm wide. Color: medium to darker green Hairy: upper surface stellate-pubescent, lower surface stellate-tomentose Other: Shape: leaf, narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate (FNA) Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common Bloom time (typical): June to July Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial Habitat: Woodlands, prairies, sun or part shade, dry. Fruit: Capsule spherical to egg-shaped. Seed: Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): The less common Crocanthemum canadense (Canada Frostweed) is rather similar. The latter species has sepals with more longish hairs compared with C. bicknellii, and the outer sepal shape is reported as liner for C. canadense and narrowly lanceolate for C. bicknellii. Other chracteristics such as bloom time, and relative length of the branches, taller (C. canadense), or less tall (C. bicknellii) than the central stem, can aid in identification. Ethnobotany: Latitude: 44.795758 Longitude: -91.513562 Altitude: 269.30 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Fond du Lac, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, La Crosse, Lafayette, Lincoln, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Walworth, Washburn, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AR, CO, CT, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV, WY) Click here for distribution map In Canada: (MB, ON) Click here for distribution map References: Synonym(s): Basionym: Helianthemum bicknellii Fernald Rhodora 21: 36. 1919. Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 2 homotypic synonyms for this species Heterotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 2 heterotypic synonyms for this species. Autonym: na Wetland Status (NC): Not listed Wetland Status (MW): Not listed