Flower ID: IMG_1544.JPG-05-22-2019 Flower name (scientific): Cardamine concatenata (Michaux) O. Schwarz PY: 1939. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) kar-DA-mih-nee kon-kan-teh-NAH-tuh Flower name (common): Cutleaf Toothwort Family name (common): Mustard Family name (scientific): Brassicaceae Scientific name origin: Genus: From the Greek kárdamon, Dioscorides’ (the Greek physician, pharmacologist, and botanist) name for cress. Specific epithet: From Latin for joined together, referring to the rhizomes connected by threadlike portions, resembling a string of beads. Common name origin: Cutleaf refers to the deep cut lobes on the leaves. Wort denotes a plant having some medicinal or food value. The prefix tooth could refer to the fleshy scaly rhizomes or the teeth on the leaves. Flower description: Size: 0.5 to 0.8 inches (1.3 to 2.0 cm) Petal count: 4 Color: white Other: flower arrangement, Raceme Plant description: Size: 8 to 16 inches (20 to 41 cm) Stem hairy: glabrous or pubescent distally Other: Leaf description: attachment is basal and/or whorl, type is compound and lobed. Size: Basal leaves typically 10 to 20 cm long up to 30 cm long. Terminal leaflets typically about 4 to 10 cm long and 0.5 to 2 cm wide. Color: medium green Hairy: surfaces glabrous or puberulent, margins minutely puberulent. Petioles glabrous to pubescent. Other: Shape: leaf, 3-foliolate, leaflet, (terminal) oblong, lanceolate, oblanceolate, or linear (FNA) Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common Bloom time (typical): April to May Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Annual/Perennial Habitat: Woods, forests, part shade, moist, rich soil. Fruit: Siliques typically 2 to 4 cm long, linear-lanceolate in outline, ascending to spreading. Seed: Brown colored and oblong, 1.6 to 3 mm in length. Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): The flowers of Cardamine concatenata are similar to those of Cardamine bulbosa, but the former has a very different leaf shape, having leaves deeply lobed. Ethnobotany: No recorded uses by tribes from Wisconsin. Used by the Iroquois to treat headaches, colds, and other ailments (Moerman, p. 136, 1998). Latitude: 44.799753 Longitude: -91.508078 Altitude: 241.60 Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Ashland, Bayfield, Brown, Calumet, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV) Click here for distribution map In Canada: (NB, ON, QC) Click here for distribution map References: Synonym(s): Basionym: Dentaria concatenata Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 30. 1803. Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 1 homotypic synonym for this species. Heterotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 12 heterotypic synonyms for this species. Autonym: na Wetland Status (NC): FACU Wetland Status (MW): FACU