Putnam Park Wildflowers


Flower ID: IMG_0046.JPG-05-05-2018
Flower name (scientific): Caltha palustris Linnaeus PY: 1753. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) KAL-tha pal-US-triss
Flower name (common): Marsh Marigold
Family name (common): Buttercup
Family name (scientific): Ranunculaceae
Scientific name origin:
     Genus: From old Latin caltha, a name used for a marigold by Pliny, and from the Greek for goblet or chalice, referencing the shape of the flowers.
    Specific epithet: Latin for swampy or marshy, referring to the habitat where this species is commonly found.
Common name origin: From its customary habitat and its resemblance to the common marigold Calendula officinalis.
Flower description:
     Size: 0.7 to 1.5 inches (1.8 to 3.8 cm)
     Petal count: 5 sepals (can be 5 to 9)
     Color: yellow
     Other: flower arrangement, Cluster-flat
Plant description:
     Size: 8 to 24 inches (20 to 61 cm)
     Stem hairy:
     Other:
Leaf description: attachment is basal and alternate, type is simple
     Size: Basal leaves are about 2 to 12 cm long and typically about 2 to 10 cm or more wide.
     Color:
     Hairy:
     Other: Shape: leaf, (basal) rounded to ovate, reniform, or cordate (FNA), (cauline) orbicular-cordate (IL)
Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native
Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common
Bloom time (typical): April to May
Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Perennial
Habitat: Wet meadows and woods, swamps, marshes, streambanks, sun or part shade.
Fruit:
Seed:
Importance to wildlife:
Similar species (if any): Ranunculus ficaria is similar, but this species has only been reported in a couple of southern Wisconsin counties, though the FNA distribution map reports it as absent in Wisconsin and in Minnesota.
Ethnobotany: The Menominee employ this plant as a green vegetable (Smith, p. 70, 1923). The Ojibwe also used as a green vegetable (Smith, p. 408, 1932). The Chippewa prepared a poultice from the roots, which they used to treat stubborn sores (Gilmore, p. 130, 1933).
Latitude: 44.794557
Longitude: -91.491847
Altitude: 283.60
Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Iron, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Price, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Vilas, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map
In US: (AK, CA, CT, DE, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OR, PA, RI, SD, TN, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV)
In Canada: (AB, BC, LB, MB, NB, NF, NS, NT, NU, ON, PE, QC, SK, YT)
References:
Synonym(s): Caltha arctica R. Brown, Caltha asarifolia de Candolle, Caltha palustris var. aleutensis Huth, Caltha palustris var. araneosa Steenis, Caltha palustris subsp. araneosa (Steenis) Meijden, Caltha palustris var. arctica (R.Brown) Huth, Caltha palustris subsp. arctica (R.Br.) Hultén, Caltha palustris f. arrabonensis Soó, Caltha palustris subsp. asarifolia (de Candolle) Hultén, Caltha palustris f. atrorubra (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang, Caltha palustris var. borbasii Soó, Caltha palustris var. borealis Polozhij, Caltha palustris f. cornuta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Huth, Caltha palustris f. czarnohorensis (Zapal.) Soó & Kovács-Lang, Caltha palustris var. flabellifolia (Pursh) Torrey & A.Gray, Caltha palustris f. integerrima (Pursh) Huth, Caltha palustris var. integerrima (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray, Caltha palustris var. major (Mill.) DC., Caltha palustris var. minor (Mill.) DC., Caltha palustris subsp. nymphiifolia Vorosch. & Gorovoj, Caltha palustris var. orientalisinensis X.H.Guo, Caltha palustris var. parnassifolia (Raf.) Torr. & A.Gray, Caltha palustris f. platycarpa Soó & Kovács-Lang, Caltha palustris var. polysepala Turcz., Caltha palustris subsp. polysepala (Turcz.) Vorosch., Caltha palustris var. radicans (T.F.Forst.) Beck, Caltha palustris subsp. renifolia (Tolm.) Luferov, Caltha palustris f. retyzatensis Soó, Caltha palustris subsp. sibirica (Regel) Hultén, Caltha palustris f. simonk
Basionym: na
Homotypic Synonym(s):
Heterotypic Synonym(s): Caltha polypetala Hochst. ex Lorent
Autonym( ): Caltha palustris var. palustris (Other infraspecifics are Caltha palustris var. barthei Hance, Caltha palustris var. himalaica Tamura, Caltha palustris var. umbrosa Diels. None of these three varieties have been recorded in North America.)