Flower ID: IMG_1606.JPG-08-04-2017 Flower name (scientific): Amphicarpaea bracteata (Linnaeus) Fernald PY: 1933. Pronunciation guide: (phonetic spelling) am-fi-kar-PE-a brak-tee-AY-tuh Flower name (common): American Hog Peanut Family name (common): Pea (Bean, Legume) Family name (scientific): Fabaceae Scientific name origin: Genus: Amphicarpaea is Greek for two-seeded. One seed forms near the base of the plant (or underground), the other on the upper part of the plant. Specific epithet: With bracts. Common name origin: Hogs dig up and eat the seeds or "peanuts" of the subterranean fruits. Flower description: The chasmogamous flowers on the upper branches have a typical pea flower appearance. The cleistogamous flowers occurring at the lower level are apetalous and inconspicuous. Size: 0.3 to 0.6 inches (7.6 to 15 mm) for the chasmogamous flowers. Petal count: 5 Color: white Other: flower arrangement, Raceme Plant description: Vine without tendrils. Size: 24 to 96 inches (0.6 to 2.4 m) long. Stem hairy: Glabrous to densely covered with spreading or appressed haairs. Other: Leaf description: attachment is alternate, type is compound. Size: The terminal leaflets are up to about 7.5 cm long and up to approximately 6 cm wide. Color: Upper surface medium green, lower surface pale green. Hairy: Upper surface glabrous to sparsely hairy, the lower surface typically more hairy. Other: Shape: leaf, trifoliate, leaflet, ovate to ovate-rhombic (IL). Shape: leaf, trifoliate, leaflet, ovate to ovate-rhombic (IL). Origin (native, introduced, invasive): Native Status (common, uncommon, threatened, rare): Common Bloom time (typical): August to September Cycle (annual, biennial, perennial): Annual Habitat: Meadows, woods, thickets, prairies, shade or part shade, moist to wet. Fruit: A green pea pod up to about 4 cm long and flattened. Each pod contains 2 to 4 seeds. Seed: Dark brown to brownish-black and up to 5 mm long, approximally oval shaped with typically a whitish colored indent. Importance to wildlife: Similar species (if any): Two other vines that can be encountered that have a vague resemblance are Strophostyles helvola (Wild Bean) and Strophostyles leiosperma (Trailing Pea), both have pinkish-colored flowers and different leaf shapes compared with Amphicarpaea bracteata. Also, S. helvola is restriced to the most western counties in Wisconsin, while S. leiosperma is a special concern species in Wisconsin and has a ditribution in more western counties along with a few other scattered locations. Strophostyles umbellata (Perennial Fuzzy Bean) is another pink flowered vine, but it is more southern species, not reported from Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, and Iowa. Ethnobotany: Used by the Chippewa, Meskwaki, Winnebago, and several additional tribes as a food source. Also used by the Chippewa, Cherokee, Iroquois, and Lakota as a medicine (Moerman, p. 70, 1998). Field mice gather the small nuts of this plant and the Meskwaki then take these collections as a food source (Smith, p. 259, 1928). In the preceding reference Smith uses the name Amphicarpa monoica, where Amphicarpaea monoica was an old synonym name for this plant. The Ojibwe cooked the beans and the roots as a food (Smith, p. 405, 1932). In the latter reference, Smith gives the name as Amphicarpa pitcheri, where Amphicarpaea pitcheri was an old synonym name for this plant. Latitude: Longitude: Altitude: Distribution: In Wisconsin: (Adams, Ashland, Barron, Bayfield, Brown, Buffalo, Burnett, Calumet, Chippewa, Clark, Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Door, Douglas, Dunn, Eau Claire, Florence, Fond du Lac, Forest, Grant, Green, Green Lake, Iowa, Jackson, Jefferson, Juneau, Kenosha, Kewaunee, La Crosse, Lafayette, Langlade, Lincoln, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Menominee, Milwaukee, Monroe, Oconto, Oneida, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Pepin, Pierce, Polk, Portage, Racine, Richland, Rock, Rusk, Sauk, Sawyer, Shawano, Sheboygan, St. Croix, Taylor, Trempealeau, Vernon, Walworth, Washburn, Washington, Waukesha, Waupaca, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood) Click here for distribution map In US: (AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, MT, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV, WY) In Canada: (MB, NB, NS, ON, QC) References: Synonym(s): Basionym: Glycine bracteata Linnaeus Sp. Pl.: 754 (1753). Homotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 3 homotypic synonyms for this species. Heterotypic Synonym(s): POWO lists 34 heterotypic synonyms for this species. Autonym: na