Chapter Objectives
Chapter 4 - Reactions
Sections 4.1-4.7
4.1 - The Role of Water as a Solvent
Concepts
- Be able to describe why water is a polar molecule and how it is able to dissolve ionic compounds and to dissociate them into ions.
- Assigned problems: 4.1, 4.2, 4.7
- Be able to describe the difference between the species present when ionic and covalent compounds dissolve in water.
- Assigned problems: 4.2, 4.4, 4.8
- Be able to discuss the difference between strong and weak electrolytes.
- Assigned problems: 4.3, 4.4, 4.9
Skills
- Be able to predict the solubility of an ionic or covalent compound in water.
- Assigned problem: 4.10
- Be able to predict whether a solution is conductive
- Assigned problems: 4.12, 4.13
- Be able to use the formula of a compound to find the number of moles ions produced when an ionic compound dissolves in water.
4.2 - Writing Equations for Aqueous Ionic Reactions
Concepts
- Be able to use molecular, total ionic and net ionic equations to describe the essential aspects of an aqueous, ionic reaction.
- Assigned problem: 4.24
4.3 - Precipitation Reactions
Concepts
- Be able to discuss the driving force behind aqueous, ionic reactions.
- Assigned problem: 4.26
Skills
- Be able to write balanced chemical equations for precipitation reactions
- Assigned problems: 4.29, 4.35, 4.39, 4.120
- Be able to predict whether a precipitation reaction will occur.
- Assigned problems: 4.27, 4.32
- Sample problem: 4.2
- Be able to use molecular depictions to describe a precipitation reaction.
4.4 - Acid-Base Reactions
Concepts
- Be able to discuss the driving force behind aqueous, ionic reactions.
- Assigned problem 4.43
- Be able to discuss the difference between strong and weak acids and bases.
- Assigned problem 4.42, 4.44
- Be able to describe the process of acid-base neutralization.
- Assigned problem: 4.42, 4.46
- Be able to describe and acid-base reaction as a proton transfer reaction.
- Assigned problem: 4.42
Skills
- Be able to determine the concentration of H+ or OH- ions in a aqueous solution of a an acid or base.
- Assigned problems: 4.52, 4.54
- Sample problem: 4.4
- Be able to write ionic equations to describe an acid-base reaction.
- Assigned problem: 4.47, 4.120
- Sample problem: 4.5
- Be able to calculate an unknown concentration from the results of an acid-base titration.
- Assigned problems: 4.53, 4.54, 4.57
- Sample problem: 4.6
4.5 - Oxidation-Reductions (Redox) Reactions
Concepts
- Be able to discuss the importance of electron flow in oxidation-reduction reactions
- Assigned problems: 4.59, 4.61
- Be able to relate the oxidation numbers for the substituents in a reaction to the oxidizing and reducing agents.
- Assigned problems: 4.58, 4.62
Skills
- Be able to determine the oxidation number of any element in element in a compound
- Assigned problems: 4.64, 4.68
- Sample problem: 4.7
- Be able to identify a redox reaction
- Assigned problem 4.59
- Sample problem: 4.8
- Be able to identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in a redox reaction.
- Assigned problems: 4.72, 4.75, 4.77, 4.79
- Sample problem: 4.9
- Be able to write a balanced chemical equation for a redox reaction.
- Be able to calculate an unknown concentration or mass from the results of an redox titration.
4.6 - Elements in Redox Reactions
Concepts
- Be able to identify the roles of elements in the following types of oxidation-reduction reactions: combination, decomposition, and displacement.
- Assigned problem: 4.82
Skills
- Be able to identify combination, decomposition and displacement redox reactions
4.7 - Reaction Reversibility and the Equilibrium State
Concepts
- Be able to discuss the balance between forward and reverse rates of a chemical reaction, which lead to a dynamic equilibrium; be able to apply this to a discussion of why some acids and bases are weak, while others are strong.
- Assigned problems: 4.105, 4.108
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