Chapter Objectives
Chapter 2 - The Components of Matter
Sections 2.1-2.6
2.1 - Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures: An Atomic Overview
Concepts
- Be able to distinguish the characteristics, on the macroscopic and atomic levels, of the three types of matter: elements, compounds, and mixtures.
- Sample problem: 2.1
- Assigned problems: 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.
2.2 - The Ovservations that Led to an Atomic View of Matter
Concepts
- Be able to describe the significance of the three mass laws that were developed in the 1800’s, The Law of Mass Conservation, The Law of Definite Composition, and The Law of Multiple Proportions.
- Assigned problems: 2.11, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15
Skills
- Be able to use the mass ratio of an element in a compound to find the mass of that element in a compound.
- Sample problem: 2.2
- Assigned problems: 2.20, 2.22, 2.26, 2.28
Be able to visualize the mass laws.
- Sample problem: 2.3
- Assigned problems: 2.18
2.3 - Dalton's Atomic Theory
Concepts
- Be able to describe Dalton’s Postulates on the Atomic Structure of Matter and how it accounts for the three mass laws.
2.4 - The Observations that led to the Nuclear Atom Model
Concepts
- Be able to describe the contributions that J. J. Thomson, Robert Millikan, and Ernest Rutherford made to our understanding of the structure of atoms.
- Assigned problems: 2.32, 2.35
2.5 - The Atomic Theory Today
Concepts
- Be able to describe the structure of the atom in terms of the subatomic particles that it is made of and be able to describe what features determine which element and which isotope an atom belongs to.
Skills
- Be able to use atomic notation to express the subatomic makeup of an isotope
- Sample problem: 2.4
- Assigned problems: 2.37, 2.40
- Be able to calculate an atomic mass from isotopic composition
- Sample problem: 2.5
- Assigned problems: 2.47, 2.50
2.6 - Elements: A First Look at the Periodic Table
Concepts
- Be able to describe in general terms the arrangement of the elements into a periodic table.
- Assigned problems: 2.51, 2.52, 2.57, 2.5
