Chapter Objectives
Chapter 10 - The Shapes of Molecules
Sections 10.1 - 10.3
10.1 Depicting Molecules and Ions with Lewis Structures
Concepts
- Be able to show how a Lewis structure can be used depict the atoms and their bonding and lone electron pairs in a molecule or ion.
- Be able to discuss how resonance and electron delocalization explain bond properties in many compounds with double bonds adjacent to single bonds.
- Be able to discuss the meaning of formal charge and how it is used to select the most important resonance structure. Be able to describe the difference between formal charge and oxidation number.
- Assigned problems: 10.13, 10.14, 10.26
- Be able to discuss the octet rule and its three major exceptions: molecules a central atom that has an electron deficiency, an odd number of electrons, or a expanded valence shell.
- Assigned problems: 10.3, 10.4, 10.19, 10.21, 10.24
Skills
- Be able to use the stepwise method for writing Lewis structure from a molecular formula.
- Assigned problems: 10.5, 10.7, 10.62, 10.78
- Sample problems: 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 & 10.5
- Be able to write resonance structures for molecules and ions.
- Assigned problems: 10.10, 10.11, 10.23
- Sample problems: 10.4
- Be able calculate the formal charge of any atom in a molecule or ion.
- Sample problem 10.5, 10.13, 10.14, 10.16, 10.17, 10.24, 10.26, 10.87
10.2 - Valance-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory and Molecular Shape
Concepts
- Be able to discuss how electron-group repulsions lead to molecular shapes.
- Assigned problems: 10.27, 10.28, 10.29, 10.30, 10.31, 10.97
- Be able to describe how double bonds and lone pairs cause deviations from ideal bond angles.
- Assigned problems: 10.33, 10.42, 10.44, 10.68
Skills
- Be able to predict molecular shapes form Lewis structures.
- Assigned problems: 10.34, 10.36, 10.38, 10.40, 10.42, 10.44, 10.46, 10.48
- Sample problem: 10.6, 10.7, 10.8
10.3 - Molecular Shape and Molecular Polarity
Concepts
- Be able to describe how bond polarities and molecular shape combine to give a molecular polarity
Skills
- Be able to use molecular shape and electronegativity values to predict the direction of a molecular dipole.
- Assigned problems: 19.55, 10.57, 10.60
- Sample problem: 10.9
